Calculate expected value for coin flips

Last updated: December 19, 2025

Quick Overview

Given the following scenario about revenue per session, calculate the the p-value.

Datadog
Statistics & Math
Data Scientist
Datadog
December 19, 2025
Data Scientist
Take-home Project
Statistics & Math
Hard

34

6

3,891 solved


Given the following scenario about revenue per session, calculate the the p-value.

Datadog values data-driven decision making. This Take-home Project question assesses whether you can design experiments, interpret results correctly, and avoid common statistical pitfalls like p-hacking or Simpson's paradox.

What the Interviewer Expects
  • Derive results from first principles when needed
  • Handle complex scenarios with multiple interacting variables
  • Design experiments that account for real-world complications
  • Discuss advanced topics: Bayesian methods, causal inference, resampling
  • Connect statistical concepts to business decision-making
  • Identify subtle errors in reasoning (Simpson's paradox, survivorship bias)
Key Topics to Cover
Conditional probability and Bayes theorem
Multiple testing correction (Bonferroni, FDR)
Probability distributions
Bayesian vs frequentist inference
Central Limit Theorem
How to Approach This
  1. Define your hypotheses (H0 and H1) clearly before performing any test.
  2. Calculate required sample size BEFORE running an experiment, using power analysis.
  3. Remember the Central Limit Theorem: sample means become approximately normal with large n.
  4. Watch for Simpson's paradox. Always segment data by key dimensions.
  5. Distinguish between statistical significance and practical significance.
Possible Follow-up Questions
  • How would you handle multiple comparisons?
  • What assumptions does this test make, and how would you validate them?
  • How would you explain this result to a non-technical audience?
  • What alternative statistical method could you use here?
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Sample Answer
Setting Up the Problem

Start by formalizing the problem: 1. **Define the hypotheses**: H0 (null hypothesis) and H1 (alternative). Be precise about what you're testing. 2. ...

Solution Approach

**Compute the test statistic**: Apply the appropriate formula using the sample data. **Find the p-value**: The probability of observing a result this...


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