Calculate expected value for coin flips

Last updated: February 14, 2026

Quick Overview

Given the following scenario about revenue per session, calculate the the sample size needed.

Anthropic
Statistics & Math
Data Scientist
Anthropic
February 14, 2026
Data Scientist
Technical Screen
Statistics & Math
Hard

44

5

3,684 solved


Given the following scenario about revenue per session, calculate the the sample size needed.

Anthropic values data-driven decision making. This Technical Screen question assesses whether you can design experiments, interpret results correctly, and avoid common statistical pitfalls like p-hacking or Simpson's paradox.

What the Interviewer Expects
  • Derive results from first principles when needed
  • Handle complex scenarios with multiple interacting variables
  • Design experiments that account for real-world complications
  • Discuss advanced topics: Bayesian methods, causal inference, resampling
  • Connect statistical concepts to business decision-making
  • Identify subtle errors in reasoning (Simpson's paradox, survivorship bias)
Key Topics to Cover
Probability distributions
Central Limit Theorem
Regression analysis
Confidence intervals and significance levels
Hypothesis testing (H0, H1, p-values)
How to Approach This
  1. Define your hypotheses (H0 and H1) clearly before performing any test.
  2. Calculate required sample size BEFORE running an experiment, using power analysis.
  3. Remember the Central Limit Theorem: sample means become approximately normal with large n.
  4. Watch for Simpson's paradox. Always segment data by key dimensions.
  5. Distinguish between statistical significance and practical significance.
Possible Follow-up Questions
  • How would you explain this result to a non-technical audience?
  • How would you design a follow-up experiment based on these results?
  • How would you handle multiple comparisons?
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