Calculate probability for A/B test results

Last updated: February 4, 2026

Quick Overview

Given the following scenario about user conversion, calculate the the p-value.

Meta
Statistics & Math
Data Scientist
Meta
February 4, 2026
Data Scientist
Phone Screen
Statistics & Math
Easy

12

5

3,078 solved


Given the following scenario about user conversion, calculate the the p-value.

Meta values data-driven decision making. This Phone Screen question assesses whether you can design experiments, interpret results correctly, and avoid common statistical pitfalls like p-hacking or Simpson's paradox.

What the Interviewer Expects
  • State the correct formula or theorem with clear definitions
  • Apply the concept to the given scenario step by step
  • Interpret the result in plain language
  • Identify assumptions and when they might be violated
Key Topics to Cover
Hypothesis testing (H0, H1, p-values)
Power analysis and sample size calculation
Conditional probability and Bayes theorem
Causal inference basics
Central Limit Theorem
Multiple testing correction (Bonferroni, FDR)
How to Approach This
  1. Define your hypotheses (H0 and H1) clearly before performing any test.
  2. Calculate required sample size BEFORE running an experiment, using power analysis.
  3. Remember the Central Limit Theorem: sample means become approximately normal with large n.
  4. Watch for Simpson's paradox. Always segment data by key dimensions.
  5. Distinguish between statistical significance and practical significance.
Possible Follow-up Questions
  • How would you explain this result to a non-technical audience?
  • How would you handle multiple comparisons?
  • What if the sample size is very small?
  • What assumptions does this test make, and how would you validate them?
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Sample Answer
Setting Up the Problem

Start by formalizing the problem: 1. **Define the hypotheses**: H0 (null hypothesis) and H1 (alternative). Be precise about what you're testing. 2. ...

Solution Approach

**Compute the test statistic**: Apply the appropriate formula using the sample data. **Find the p-value**: The probability of observing a result this...


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