Calculate time to first action per user

Last updated: April 30, 2026

Quick Overview

Write a query to compute time to first action grouped by date, handling edge cases like nulls and duplicates.

Two Sigma
Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
Data Scientist
Two Sigma
April 30, 2026
Data Scientist
Technical Screen
Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
Hard

0

8

1,997 solved


Write a query to compute time to first action grouped by date, handling edge cases like nulls and duplicates.

This question from Two Sigma's Technical Screen tests practical data skills. The interviewer wants to see clean, efficient queries that handle edge cases like NULLs, duplicates, and large datasets.

What the Interviewer Expects
  • Solve complex analytical problems with elegant, readable SQL
  • Optimize queries for large-scale datasets with partitioning and indexing
  • Use recursive CTEs, lateral joins, and advanced window functions
  • Design the data model alongside the query solution
  • Discuss trade-offs between SQL and programmatic approaches (Python/pandas)
  • Consider the operational aspects: query scheduling, incremental processing
Key Topics to Cover
Common Table Expressions (CTEs)
NULL handling and COALESCE
Subqueries and correlated subqueries
Date/time manipulation
Index optimization and query performance
How to Approach This
  1. Clarify the schema and expected output format before writing queries.
  2. Use CTEs (WITH clauses) to break complex queries into readable steps.
  3. Consider window functions (ROW_NUMBER, RANK, LAG, LEAD) for ranking and sequential analysis.
  4. Watch for NULLs, duplicates, and edge cases in JOINs and GROUP BY.
  5. For pandas, prefer vectorized operations over row-by-row iteration.
Possible Follow-up Questions
  • What would you do if this query needs to run every 5 minutes?
  • How would you handle slowly changing dimensions in this scenario?
  • Can you rewrite this without using subqueries?
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Sample Answer
Approach

Break the problem into logical steps before writing SQL. Think about: 1. What tables do I need to join and on which keys? 2. What filtering (WHERE) d...

Solution Pattern

```sql WITH filtered_data AS ( SELECT * FROM main_table WHERE condition = 'value' AND date_col >= '2024-01-01' ), aggregated AS ( SELECT ...


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