Design a geo-distributed File Storage System
Last updated: June 8, 2026
Quick Overview
Design a geo-distributed file storage system that handles millions of requests. Discuss trade-offs in consistency, availability, and performance.
Uber
June 8, 20261
14
1,780 solved
Design a geo-distributed file storage system that handles millions of requests. Discuss trade-offs in consistency, availability, and performance.
Uber asks this during the Technical Screen to assess your architectural thinking. They want to see how you decompose a complex problem, choose appropriate technologies, and reason about failure modes. Strong candidates proactively discuss monitoring, alerting, and operational concerns.
What the Interviewer Expects
- Systematically gather requirements and estimate capacity (QPS, storage, bandwidth)
- Design a scalable architecture with clear component responsibilities
- Make well-reasoned database and caching decisions with trade-off analysis
- Address consistency vs availability trade-offs specific to the use case
- Discuss partitioning strategy, replication, and data modeling
- Cover failure handling, monitoring, and alerting strategies
Key Topics to Cover
How to Approach This
- Start by clarifying functional and non-functional requirements with the interviewer.
- Estimate the scale: QPS, storage, bandwidth. This drives your design decisions.
- Draw a high-level architecture first, then deep dive into 1-2 critical components.
- Discuss trade-offs explicitly (e.g., consistency vs availability, SQL vs NoSQL).
- Address failure scenarios, monitoring, and how the system handles 10x traffic spikes.
Possible Follow-up Questions
- How would you optimize costs as the system scales?
- What would the deployment pipeline look like for this system?
- What monitoring and alerting would you set up on day one?
- How would you handle a 10x increase in traffic overnight?
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Requirements
Functional Requirements
- File Upload/Download: Users can upload and download files of various formats (e.g., images, documents).
- File Metadata Management: Ability to store and retriev...
Capacity Estimation
Assuming Uber has around 100 million users, with an average of 10 file uploads/downloads per user per month:
- Total Requests: 100M users * 10 requests/user/month = 1B requests/month, which is app...
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