Join orders and messages to find retention rate
Last updated: March 1, 2026
Quick Overview
Write a query joining orders and transactions to produce the combined retention rate.
xAI
Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
Data Scientist
xAI
March 1, 2026Data Scientist
Take-home Project
Data Manipulation (SQL/Python)
Hard
13
7
3,833 solved
Write a query joining orders and transactions to produce the combined retention rate.
xAI asks this during the Take-home Project because data engineering skills are critical for the role. You should be comfortable with complex joins, window functions, CTEs, and performance optimization.
What the Interviewer Expects
- Solve complex analytical problems with elegant, readable SQL
- Optimize queries for large-scale datasets with partitioning and indexing
- Use recursive CTEs, lateral joins, and advanced window functions
- Design the data model alongside the query solution
- Discuss trade-offs between SQL and programmatic approaches (Python/pandas)
- Consider the operational aspects: query scheduling, incremental processing
Key Topics to Cover
Data cleaning and transformation
Common Table Expressions (CTEs)
NULL handling and COALESCE
Window functions (ROW_NUMBER, RANK, LAG, LEAD)
How to Approach This
- Clarify the schema and expected output format before writing queries.
- Use CTEs (WITH clauses) to break complex queries into readable steps.
- Consider window functions (ROW_NUMBER, RANK, LAG, LEAD) for ranking and sequential analysis.
- Watch for NULLs, duplicates, and edge cases in JOINs and GROUP BY.
- For pandas, prefer vectorized operations over row-by-row iteration.
Possible Follow-up Questions
- How would you handle slowly changing dimensions in this scenario?
- What indexes would you create to support this query?
- How would you handle this if the data was spread across multiple databases?
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Practice SQL ProblemsSample Answer
Problem Understanding
To determine the retention rate, we need to analyze the relationships between orders and messages in our database. The relevant data involves two tables: orders and messages. The orders table co...
Approach
- Join the Tables: Start by performing an inner join between the
ordersandmessagestables on customer IDs, ensuring we capture only those customers who have both ordered and sent messages. ...
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