Design a high-throughput Messaging System
Last updated: October 11, 2025
Quick Overview
Design a high-throughput messaging system handling millions of requests. Discuss consistency, availability, and performance trade-offs.
Walmart
October 11, 2025273
11
1,645 solved
Design a high-throughput messaging system handling millions of requests. Discuss consistency, availability, and performance trade-offs.
How to Approach This
- Start by mapping the business objective to a concrete ML objective and metric.
- Cover the full pipeline: data collection, feature engineering, model selection, training, serving.
- Discuss online vs offline evaluation. Plan an A/B test to validate real-world impact.
- Address the serving latency budget and whether batch or real-time inference is needed.
- Think about the data flywheel: how user feedback improves the model over time.
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Practice ML System Design ProblemsSample Answer
Problem Formulation
The business problem at Walmart involves designing a high-throughput messaging system capable of handling millions of requests, such as notifications for order updates, promotional messages, and custo...
Data & Features
The data sources for this system include: 1. User Interaction Logs: Records of past interactions with messages (clicks, opens, dismissals). 2. Customer Profiles: Demographic information, purch...
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