Requirements

Functional Requirements:

• Create a short URL for a given long URL.
• Return the long URL associated with a given short URL.

Non-Functional Requirements:

• Should scale to map multiple short URLs to long URLs
• Low redirect latency
• High availability of this
• Let's say there are 10 million users -> 3 URLs a day, 30 million URLs a day, each URL is ~100 bytes, so that's like 3 billion or 3 GB a day

API Design

GET / -> This should redirect the user to the long URL

POST /longUrl?url= -> This should return the short form URL

High-Level Design

Hash URL -> check if it exists

Detailed Component Design

Deep dive into 2-3 key components. Explain how they work, how they scale, discuss tradeoffs, capacity, and any relevant algorithms or data structures.