Requirements

Functional Requirements:

• Create a short URL for a given long URL.
• Return the long URL associated with a given short URL.

Non-Functional Requirements:

• Low latency
• Low storage requirements

API Design

Require a creation api and a retrieval api

High-Level Design

Client's connect to a load balancer and then an api gateway that routes the request to one of two services, creation and redirect services which both reads from a database

Detailed Component Design

To get low latency, more frequently used urls are stored in a Redis cache for faster lookups. A read replica is also used to achieve scalability for reads and supporting a growing user base.

To achieve low storage requirements, each url are only stored with a hash value and the shortened url.