Detailed component design

Dig deeper into 2-3 components and explain in detail how they work. For example, how well does each component scale? Any relevant algorithm or data structure you like to use for a component? Also you could draw a diagram using the diagramming tool to enhance your design...

>10 servers require a load balancer. I would even use an API gateway in front of the load balancer to handle rate limiting, ddos attack, etc.

multiple servers + multiple cache will require leaderless replication to stay highly available and eventually consistent.

shorten url use hash function 6-7 characters long should be enough. hashing algorithm like sha is a good option.

The service will also check if the short url already exist. Bloom filter is a good algorithm to check "definitely not there."

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